very appetizing on the four texts of the program, enjoy!
INTRODUCTION :
- Four works: revolve around the issue of death.
- Four extracts: characters address the scandal of suffering, each time heralding the death of an inevitable death after which there is no question of second sight → Life is played entirely at the time of death and is threatened disappear forever.
Description - physical, either present or perspective.
Seneca: Hercules burns everywhere and revolt against the intolerable pain that the terrace, he, the eternal winner
Balde description of death by the chorus that wants dissuade them from abandoning Menulema → determination of the central character is never questioned
Claudel: Princess would not die was crucified by the deserter
Suares: PE and PS leaves his city in ruins which they were hunted and march toward death.
→ Passing strange that reverses its entirety. Be understood in relation to the issue of the scene in the room announced by Thanatos: before us the background of nature contemplates human nature ie after loss of innocence (represented by Elly) => cons transition nature (nature is my enemy)
=> PS slowing facing death and the current PE y → paradox ruined city behind / before death => ≈ counterpoint other txt: Hell in the living world, everything is directed v. Death (EP = bad / PS ≠ acceptance of death allows highlighting of his brother)
- 5 → royal personages or important challenge: to overcome by force of will the suffering and fear of death to gain glory and kingship real ( that acts Vs birth)
Pb: How the suffering and death they come in conflict with the humanity of characters who come through a stoic acceptance of their fate and force of their will, to overcome and transcend these two scandals of the human condition, exceeding this humanity?
MAP: I-
suffering and death as proof of mankind
II-borne suffering and death: a way towards overcoming this humanity
I-SUFFERING AS PROOF OF HUMANITY
1) DESCRIPTION OF CHAIRS suffering from:
- Expression of physical suffering goes largely by isotopies of the body and anatomy with a vocabulary raw and realistic, if not thorough in the case of Seneca.
a / Seneca vocabulary raw and realistic with careful description of the anatomy and progress of the disease in the body: o
Infixus meas medulla: deep in my marrow rejection
→ o Arents fiber dry fiber to rhyme
→ o sanguinis
o tumida pulmonis: lung swollen
o Sicato iecur: burns my liver to rhyme →
Cutem o: o skin
Members: Members
o Hausi medulla: burn my marrow
ossibus vacuis o: my bones empty
o Direpta cute The skin torn to rhyme →
- progress to actual destruction of the body: growth in poorly marked by a series of chain: each body part affected by the disease has consequences on others to form a vicious circle from outside the body to go up at its deepest Chairs> causing decay> break his body from the inside and brought down the whole building (compagibus Chat: broken frame)
Cancer fixed in spinal
Sanguinis vigor> distended> arent fibras pulmonis
Ardet faddle> siccato> iecur
Lentus Vapor> AuEx> sanguinem
=> Cutem> membrane> latus> artus> medulla> ossibus < corpus
- Hercules: burning building metaphor: expresses his immense body and ferocity of the evil that is devouring, destroying his huge frame:
isotopy → Building and Fire: feruida Beach, Arents, ardet, siccato + urita, Exed, hausa, consumpsit / / x2 pestis (illness / ruin, destruction), Rupts (rupture), compagibus (construction consisting of an assembly), discussion (smashed) colapse ( collapse)
=> annihilation of the body.
b / Claudel anticipation of the death of Princess by imagination + description of a deserter by Princess → isotopy suffering
o Attaches the skin on your shoulders: animal skin is covered dt - M: flayed alive, his own skin that bare flesh below the arm => te dismemberment Tear
o legs o
Ravens t'extirperont eyes
o nails are driven to the head o
My blood spurted upward, and he fell on my head and down along my body
o I'm suffocating
- Purpose of Suffering (hands), which can cause the movements (or states) and their consequences. [Support vb rather than nouns]
o I fixed
Tense
o o I can not trampling on earth
o If I stay, laying on two feet
o If I stand on tiptoe
→ list + parallelism construction which stresses the impossibility of finding a non-painful position.
v. Balde: body does not express the pain of dying but death distress facing nightmarish vision of death as a human truncated.
- Description by the negative, vanity described → enumeration of all the physical elements that lacks → Ghosting : Personification of Death + description of the body (of Menulema) after death.
o o Nullo Nullo capillos
color → hypozeuxe
Oculo carens
o o o Binos orbeis vacuos
Auribus obsolete
o Naribus trunci → hypozeuxe
Balde here combines the annihilation of the body and that of the senses no longer see, hear Moreover, no longer feels ... => collective imagination of the human meaning of death private, and sunlight (wan), without self-consciousness (NEC tuetur ipsum)
d / Suares: two Once the question of suffering because there are two characters → Parliament does not suffer but still evokes his martyrdom neighbor PS suffers walking, anxiety before his death but did not directly evokes the suffering → through those of his brother: I resolved to do what you 'I will be there => opposition brother and sister used to emphasize the character nature of PE-cons: do not suffer, cold face of death, radical opposition to his sister.
- Vocabulary raw, distorting the human body until no longer look like a man, even likened to a quarter of meat: o
feet mangled ankle
o My stumps who cut your throat
suppurate
o o o Slaughterhouse
I hang with fangs (...) shared by the community, my liver to one side, and my heart the other ancient sacrifice →
Quartering
o o Blood
- Opposition highlighted by colors: Yellow Emperor and nature all green = Queen Jade (green too) → PE vs. nature, inhuman:
see the first assassination attempt ac strychnine (alkaloid toxic poison against pests)
e / Pain concentrated on a limb emblematic strong symbolic significance in the passage or work.
- Seneca: Chairs in general and spinal → causing the collapse of his body after his bones are empty
→ occurrences x3 (to dismiss after vb) => gnawing from within => reduced its body, the source of its strength.
- Balde: vanity and double symbolism → no question of suffering => symbolizes death, husband chosen by Menulema (blank = die in the heart of the passage)
- Claudel: hands, causing pain => tool Charity Princess + JC approximation
- Suares: SP → feet suffer on the road that leads to death, the power to slow down while his brother ahead and pulls violently behind him (Why do you pull it di hard with you?) → opposition attitude PE / PS on the road to death
2) THE SCANDAL SUFFERING Annunciation of the DEATH ANXIETY AND FACE THAT LAST:
- Characters helpless before death and unexpected natural death inevitable ever → no n'al'âge => forced.
- Two types of anxiety: o ≠
life after death → unknown, nil + pain that lasts [the body of Hercules disappears] o
Unexpected Death project contradicts (Hercules, PE)
- Death puts men on equal ac → common destiny reveals their humanity with their anxiety and vulnerability.
a / Seneca: Hercules at the peak of his fame does not accept the pain that gnaws = scandal. Hopeless suffering and death causes him to revolt.
- x2 Nefas to rhyme, "which is contrary to every principle," contrary to the will of the gods "," what is impious "→ scandal of suffering reached such a pitch that it can not accepted by ê the gods.
- Double anxiety early : Interjection Eheu + accusative of exclamation: o Shame
its weakness will make him pay up his tears, can not physically endure pain → Unde iste fletus; Tibi kept united and ante omnis mihi primo ("First, before all, you've torn tears ") o Death
shameful → Perdida totiens honestam mortem (both times I lost a glorious death)
- Anxiety expressed by ac personification of pain growing determination: (Part 1) Scorpios quis, quis cancer> nefas> pestis> malum → ask about pain, pain progression marking governs vb (consumpsit, fecit, abstulit, Exed)
=> pv → evil gnawing body to disappear - M: no chairs sufferers who turn into decay (rot then disappear even if there were more chairs): rot = independent entity , consuming, requiring fuel => Pesti satisfactory Herculea non sunt membra => the body is not enough, disappears, but the rest rot.
Ms: invisible entity, fear of the unknown that announces death → es Omne malum nullumque ("You are all evil and you're still none"); voltus quis tibi is? ("What is thy face")
- Anxiety is finally focuses on shame this inglorious death
b / Balde: anxiety expressed by Menulema → Never ever comes back on its decision
- Vision horror of skull traditional image of death, loss of sense of life engulfment → Tenebricosi oris antrum ("the dark cavern of a mouth" to rhyme).
- Taboo: Do not name the dead, through paraphrases (Feral, Turpie, faevum (...) → monstrum inclusion of prohibition in the middle of paraphrasing), metaphor (AFIS larva; monstrum x2 rhyme capital ac ) and description.
- Inhuman : Imago say foo (...) has figured entertains => cf. Seneca ≠ face
vanity → = new husband of the Virgin
v. Claudel Princess will not die initially → anguish at the prospect of pain, and time that must elapse before death.
- Calls to witness the sun: the master of time, marks the day of discharge (the deserter gave night ultimatum) → insensible viewer who does not press or slows
=> up x3: graduation until the end + O apostrophes hands! x3, O light, O sun, O God x2 → rapp. nails to the head => idea of extreme perseverance, nothing shorten, drink the chalice to the dregs.
- Regret what she lost: marriage analogy nails ac / links wedding.
Suares: anxiety represented by PS who refuses to move forward.
- You're not a good brother, you are cruel you're wicked more wicked (...) more terrible than the enemy? → Report to the brother who does not feel the same anguish.
3) MARRIAGE AND DEATH:
- Three times a question of marriage ac ac death → relationship replaces the human marriage => final annihilation since by definition unfit to give life.
- Balde: theme = Moreri part virgo (prevents the Messiah) → has a fiance but he prefers death => Rubentibus, comely, quos noster Orbis offered sponsa valere primrose! ("After dismissing the betrothed beautiful and healthy that offers you the Earth") ≠ Isti monstro nubes ("this monster is going to marry you")
- Central Question of the passage, highlighted by an effect of Insertions at the end ac demonstrative isti and monstro to rhyme after description => conclusion = rhetorical construction.
- Claudel: association between hand selected by nails and contained in links wedding → But these nails you best [as husbands]
- Suares: EP wants to kill the PS to save the honor of the dictator → Dynasty think you apart in bed / / You girls Emperor, you're always ready to relive slavery layer => to avoid ac common enemy, the married ó Ellys death is in love with death. Weddings
x3 ó double annihilation
TRANSITION : People recover their full humanity when confronted ê common destiny.
No mention of life after death: annihilation of man → importance of moving life / death = ultimate action
Recognition inevitable death + superior force => overcome by accepting an optical scope changes Stoic →
II - ASSUMED TO DEATH: A DOOR TO THE EXCESS OF THE HUMANITY
1) THE ISSUE OF ROYALTY:
- Four royal personages + Hercules claiming divinity / / Menulema: daughter of Judge victorious = high status.
a / Suffering and death are questioning their status: challenge vis-à-vis the death
- Hercules extraordinary work, demanding deity => suffering and death are questioning his claims by pointing to his humanity unworthy → him.
- Princess: killed by a deserter wants revenge → humiliating, shameful => must take its place and endure: WOMAN! I am a Queen! The Supreme Human dignity was handed to me and I can not be stripped (...) What is common between you and me?
- EP: deposed from his throne, banished from town, dynasty threatened by invader will join her sister → I am deprived of his reign.
b / Menulema: opposition chorus / Menulema death → = honorific for her since the beginning => defeat of the choir that wants to block the road
→ ≠ Hercules and PE: scandal here is to try to prevent it from dying → Ut non revertar calle recto ad patrem? Ut me retardet frigidus Leti pavor! ("What I do not return straight to my father?" What do I delay the cold fear of death! ")
v. PS: paradox of suffering that marks his royal rank (A festering my stumps which recognizes the highest princesses) => = scandal how death affects it: hand of his brother who survives him not want her (You do not reign in my place)
=> one who will not submit to death and who do not transcend → counterpoint: = marked pain of his rank.
2) HUMAN WILL FACE DEATH:
- Passage to bring characters to take their death: awareness of the inevitability of death "is useless to fight> Optical stoic acceptance of what No longer in their power, we must assume death (mortal Hercules pr)
- Time to stop on a slope where decides to take destiny in hand.
a / Seneca last sentence of the first part = pivot: quantum pro is quod malum esse vastum fateor.
- Cease to denigrate because of its weakness due to mortal pain → student, recognizes and gdeur pv / / recall of its work force back on his own (Hydra and Cerberus) => returns them to an equal more shameful to suffer.
- Allusion to Cerberus, has already conquered death →
challenge - Mihi ignotum malum: standard for monster implies that he has battled all
- Nelle progress in training of evil as a subject: interjection (o dirum malum!) + is for him to P2 and imperative (process)
- The opponent recognizes as its → compares their attitude size: the sum to show the big day (process) ó v. 1516.17 Palam x2 rhyme => the call to him, wants to know its bad to assume it fully, many questions about identity.
b / Balde: determining Menulema
v. Claudel burst of kingship articulated around conjunction, but turning → = But it is well well and I will not complain. I will die standing, as it is very suitable for people of my race (I'll die standing isolation)
d / Suares: none → counterpoint changes position.
e / Why die? Submit to the stronger power that gives them their death ó compared to those who kill
Seneca destiny / gods> stoicism
Menulema: father and vow to God> Obedience
Princess: deserter> royal rank
=> Counterpoint PS → cons brother killed by nature, inhuman.
3) CONFRONTING DEATH: HOW TO DIE? and BEYOND DEATH:
- Once accepted the inevitability of death and superiority of this fatality: death equation and royal status> obligation to transcend death after fully assumed.
- Purpose: keep royal status and go further by getting either from birth but by deeds.
a / Seneca: Hercules recognizes pain as a worthwhile adversary after recalling its own value => O malum Hercules simile → ac glorious death his match.
- Opponent rose to its height: Hercules remains the reference name of the force → x2 the end of two passes = U for force measurement of pain.
- Pain is the ultimate list of his work after work → strengthens its glory by submitting to the gods and fate that caused proudly at the beginning.
ó Hercules fights monsters Rapp. Jephtias, death is a monster, the ultimate monster, one who always ends up getting the men - Pb control its destiny → Hercules dies qd mm but on its own and by his own rules.
short for him: "The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death" J
b / Balde: Menulema does not flex and win victory vs. those who wanted to divert his duty => crowning glory of his life = death by his father and obedience to God, died for his country; doubly glorious as foreshadowing Christ's choir while criticizing his death as a virgin for fear of missing Messiah.
v. Claudel endure suffering to prove her royal rank, fully assumes his death
- crucified position becomes natural to a king's daughter (I will die standing, as it is very suitable for people of my race) = Hercules increasing his punishment by lying down on a pyre while his body burns PrtT
→ I am attached to the pole! but my soul is Royal not begun, and thus, this place is as honorable a throne.
- Pass the test of his humanity and his kingdom → right to call for help, right to hope, the last words of the passage: "O God, have mercy on me!
=> For positive despite the death of Cebes tragic situation would not die but takes => will be able t of gold (part of new men) Do not ask
intercession after proving his will, can ê low prst + known charity, so can use ≠ Cebes claiming redemption Head of gold did not know love and could not help it.
=> can give hope and charity Tête d'qd die.
=> identification with Christ in torment stresses apotheosis cry at the end = 2 possibility:
o "Abba" cry of anguish (Eli Eli lema sabacthani)
o 'Jesus remember me "cry of hope , prayer for redemption.
d / Suares: total annihilation without changing
PS + PE = 1 man → divided into two => ≠ shameful humanity must have its weak side + Pr voluntary human being (≠ abnormal fear of death and suffering)
CONCLUSION:
- All characters ac suffering in perspective and present, and facing death → anxiety brings out their humanity> will start to fight paradoxically ≠ evil - M: Acceptance => transcend death.
- ≠ life after death → pb: human face to what he most human: death => assume his death is beyond his humanity and therefore exceed that includes the mortal condition.
=> scandal pain = the ultimate tool for real crowning glory.
- Double issue Tete d'Or Seneca: will + stoicism.
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